classical argument outline

1. The introduction, which warms up the audience, establishes goodwill and rapport with the readers, and announces the general theme or thesis of the argument.

I will start by describing the situation everyone use products that are tested through animal testing in daily life : cosmetics, medicine and food. This will be connected to animal testing. Then I will shift attention to process to make these products safe. I will end with my thesis, "we should not experiment on animals."

2. The narration, which summarizes relevant background material, provides any information the audience needs to know about the environment and circumstances that produce the argument, and set up the stakes-what’s at risk in this question. In academic writing, this often takes the form of a literature review.

I will summarize information about animal testing - definition, typical experimental animals and the number of experimental animals. And, I will give a brief history of animal testing through Hippocrates, Aristoteles and Andreas Vesalius to help audiences understand advances in medicine. Also, I will explain environment that makes people think animal testing should stop.

3. The confirmation,which lays out in a logical order (usually strongest to weakest or most obvious to most subtle) the claims that support the thesis, providing evidence for each claim.

I will start by a logical reason why I have this opinion and there are supporting examples.

a) seriousness and cruelty of animal testing.

b) why animal testing doesn't work.(+ non-animal testing's good points)

c) a lot of alternatives to animal testing.

4. The refutation and concession, which looks at opposing viewpoints to the writer’s claims, anticipating objections from the audience, and allowing as much of the opposing viewpoints as possible without weakening the thesis.

I will make two of anticipated opposite opinions :

a) Animal testing is most accurate method because humans share many genes with animals. But a lot of examples proved that It is not reliable because animal testing cannot never predict human condition perfectly.

b) It is very dangerous for humans to give a medicine that are not tested on animals directly. But It doesn't matter because there are various alternatives to develop medicine.

 

5. The summation, which provides a strong conclusion, amplifying the force of the argument, and showing the readers that this solution is the best at meeting the circumstances.

I will close with a summary of my previous points and reasons (cruelty of animal testing, ineffectiveness of animal testing, alternatives to animal testing.) and I quote the expert's saying. Also, I will end with emphasizing my thesis : we should stop experimenting on animals.